Arch Linux installation guide

Os Linux

Created At : 2021-07-01 04:15

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Install Arch on nvme drive, UEFI system

Change layout

I will set the layout in French, because I am French.

loadkeys frlanguage-noneCopy

Set password

This is the first step for me, because without password I can’t use SSH.

passwdlanguage-noneCopy

Connect via SSH

I will use ssh to copy past the commands,
To get you’r IP addresse.

ip alanguage-noneCopy

look like this for me: 192.168.0.25

On your other computer open a terminal or putty of what you want to connect via SSH.

Partitions

to see your hard drive.

fdisk -llanguage-noneCopy

Delete them.

cfdisk /dev/nvme0n1language-noneCopy

cfdisk /dev/sdalanguage-noneCopy

Create 3 partition,

1: 512Mb EFI

2: 20Gb File system (root)

2: 80Gb File system (home)

And Format them:

This one for EFI

mkfs.fat -F32 /dev/nvme0n1p1language-noneCopy

The two other like this:

mkfs.ext4 /dev/nvme0n1p2language-noneCopy

mkfs.ext4 /dev/nvme0n1p3language-noneCopy

Them mount the root partition

mount /dev/nvme0n1p2 /mnt
mkdir /mnt/home
mount /dev/nvme0n1p3 /mnt/homelanguage-noneCopy

Install the system

pacstrap -i /mnt base linux linux-firmware sudo nanolanguage-noneCopy

Generate fstab file

genfstab -U -p /mnt >> /mnt/etc/fstablanguage-noneCopy

Chroot to the installed system

arch-chroot /mnt /bin/bashlanguage-noneCopy

Set root password

To set a root password

passwdlanguage-noneCopy

Create a new user

useradd peanutstick -mlanguage-noneCopy

set the password

passwd peanutsticklanguage-noneCopy

Set locale

uncomment the right line, for me it’s fr_FR.UTF-8 UTF-8, because I am French!

nano /etc/locale.genlanguage-noneCopy

now generate it.

locale-genlanguage-noneCopy

Create a locale.conf file.

echo "LANG=fr_FR.UTF-8 UTF-8" > /etc/locale.conflanguage-noneCopy

Set the time zone

ln -sf /usr/share/zoneinfo/language-noneCopy

Now select your time zone

ln -sf /usr/share/zoneinfo/Europe/Paris /etc/localtimelanguage-noneCopy

Set local time

hwclock --systohc --utclanguage-noneCopy

To check it:

datelanguage-noneCopy

Set hostname

echo peanutstick > /etc/hostnamelanguage-noneCopy

Also add the name in /etc/hosts

nano /etc/hostslanguage-noneCopy

it should look like this:

127.0.0.1       localhost
::1             localhost
127.0.1.1       peanutsticklanguage-noneCopy

Enable network

Install the network manager:

pacman -S networkmanagerlanguage-noneCopy

Enable it:

systemctl enable NetworkManagerlanguage-noneCopy

If you don’t do this part, your computer will not be able to connect to the network and you will not be able to download the packet.

Install GRUB

Install Grub and efibootmgr

pacman -S grub efibootmgrlanguage-noneCopy

install the bootlader:

mkdir /boot/efi
mount /dev/nvme0n1p1 /boot/efi
grub-install --target=x86_64-efi --bootloader-id=GRUB --efi-directory=/boot/efi --removable
grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfglanguage-noneCopy

Reboot

exit
umount -R /mnt
rebootlanguage-noneCopy

Change boot order

don’t pull out the USD stick, and select the last option to change the settings.

Set the right boot order, to boot on your hdd or ssd.

Disable speaker

My computer do a big BIP when I press tab or do something wrong:

rmmod pcspkrlanguage-noneCopy

To make it persistent:

nano /etc/modprobe.d/nobeep.conflanguage-noneCopy

And write:

blacklist pcspkrlanguage-noneCopy

Permanent KEYMAP

nano /etc/vconsole.conflanguage-noneCopy

I will write:

KEYMAP=frlanguage-noneCopy

Add User to Sudoers

As root:

nano /etc/sudoerslanguage-noneCopy

add this to the end:

peanutstick ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD:ALLlanguage-noneCopy

Be careful, the user can be root by just typing sudo su, sudo /bin/bash and more

Install sshd

pacman -S opensshlanguage-noneCopy

Swap File

You probably have noticed that I have not created a Swap partition.

It’s because this guy in this tutorial recommend to use swap file: https://averagelinuxuser.com/linux-swap/

Create a Swap file of 3G or whatever your RAM size is:

fallocate -l 3G /swapfilelanguage-noneCopy

Change its access rules, format and enable it:

chmod 600 /swapfile
mkswap /swapfile
swapon /swapfilelanguage-noneCopy

Also, add this Swap file to the /etc/fstab:

echo '/swapfile none swap sw 0 0' >> /etc/fstablanguage-noneCopy

And check if the Swap file is working:

free -mlanguage-noneCopy

Install X window system and audio

pacman -S pulseaudio pulseaudio-alsa xorg xorg-xinit xorg-serverlanguage-noneCopy

Enter to select all.

Install desktop environment

Install xorg:

sudo pacman -S xorg xorg-serverlanguage-noneCopy

This is for mate.

sudo pacman -S mate mate-extra lightdm lightdm-gtk-greeterlanguage-noneCopy

But I preffer Xfce:

sudo pacman -S --needed xfce4 mousepad parole ristretto thunar-archive-plugin thunar-media-tags-plugin xfce4-battery-plugin xfce4-datetime-plugin xfce4-mount-plugin xfce4-netload-plugin xfce4-notifyd xfce4-pulseaudio-plugin xfce4-screensaver xfce4-taskmanager xfce4-wavelan-plugin xfce4-weather-plugin xfce4-whiskermenu-plugin xfce4-xkb-plugin file-roller network-manager-applet leafpad epdfview galculator lightdm lightdm-gtk-greeter lightdm-gtk-greeter-settings capitaine-cursors arc-gtk-theme xdg-user-dirs-gtklanguage-noneCopy

Enable the lightDM service to start on boot.

sudo systemctl enable lightdmlanguage-noneCopy

Finally, reboot your ArchLinux system.

sudo rebootlanguage-noneCopy